Paint booth: drawings and diagrams. What should we not forget when creating a paint booth on our own? DIY paint camera

A car painting booth is a small box in which a ventilation system, filters, thermal sensors and other elements are installed that ensure high-quality processing of large structures and small parts. Designing a paint booth takes a lot of time, and building it takes even longer.

Companies involved in the assembly of paint boxes and conveyors offer high-quality work at high prices, so it’s cheaper to do everything yourself. True, in this case it will take a lot of time, effort and patience.

Paint booths: design requirements

To create your own paint booth you will need the following items:

A garage or other small structure with solid walls and floors.
Ready ventilation system.
Filter system.
Thermal generator.
Wall upholstery material.
Reinforcement grid for floor covering.

Each element of the spray booth has individual properties that are required for execution:

The walls must be made of plastic lining or steel sheets that protect the room from ignition and fire. The advantage of this material is easy cleaning that does not require special skills, tightness, and environmental friendliness (lining does not emit toxic fumes even at a temperature of 50 degrees). The cavities between the walls should be filled with mineral wool or other insulating composition to ensure comfortable proper conditions inside the room at any time of the year.
The floor must provide good air circulation. To do this, its level must be raised by 15 cm and a grille must be fixed through which polluted air and dyes will flow. If you are not satisfied with the option with a grille, you can organize trenches through which unobstructed air exhaust will take place.
The main and emergency doors must be finished with fire-resistant material. The main entrance should be strengthened and sealed to prevent dust and dirt from entering the room.
The ventilation system is installed in such a way that it prevents the formation of “dead zones” - a lack of air exchange in some places, which causes paint dust to hang in the air and spoil the quality of the product.
The size of the spray booth should not be less than 4x6 m.

Working principle of the spray booth

In a paint booth, the main work cycle is to ensure good air circulation:

air supply from the street into the chamber with pre-filtration;
cleaning air containing varnish and paint residues;
release of processed purified air into the external environment;
heating the incoming air to the specified parameters (20-30 degrees);
drying the painted product - continuous circulation of chamber air and heating it to 60 degrees.

Spray booths have a number of advantages over conventional booths. The professional unit is designed in such a way that untreated air from the street cannot get into the room in any way - this task is carried out by exhaust fans that drive air from the chamber in one direction.

So that the air is in the box, it must pass through a filter system. The supply fan draws in air and moves it in one direction.

You can use a room in which a heating system is not installed as a box - it will be replaced by artificial material in the walls and a heat gun. How can you make a paint booth out of a garage?

In this case, it is advisable to make the floor from concrete or dense metal that is resistant to acids and solvents. If the floor is raised, access bridges will need to be attached to the garage entrance.

Building a paint booth

How to make a spray booth with your own hands, having a standard set of tools and a set of required settings in your arsenal? The process will be long and painstaking, but if all norms and rules are followed, the result will be worthy.

Preparatory work in the construction of a paint booth requires extreme care. First of all, the minimum dimensions of the garage should not be less than 4x6 m. Before installing all boxing systems, it is necessary to finish the internal walls, floor, and provide high-quality lighting around the entire perimeter of the chamber.

If we are talking about polymer painting, then a do-it-yourself powder coating chamber will take even more time and expense, since you will also have to purchase a melting furnace.

Ventilation must be selected before any preparatory work is carried out, since the methods of air supply and exhaust are different, which means their location will change.

Selecting material for the spray booth

Interior decoration has its own rules and features:

Material – plastic lining or metal profile, non-woven anti-dust material is suitable for areas near which paints and varnishes are located.
The insulation of the box is non-flammable insulation (mineral wool).
The color of the walls and ceiling is strictly white. It improves color perception, and therefore the quality of work. For such purposes, powder paints are used, which are characterized by better fire resistance and durability. A do-it-yourself powder chamber is possible if there is a special electrostatic spray gun that connects compressed air, or a compressor.
The absence of any items that collect dust and emit toxic fumes and have a fleecy coating. Even thin fabrics should not be present in the paint booth.
It is obligatory to have a utility room in the chamber for operator-painters. All equipment, consumables and personal items are stored there. Due to the risk of explosion, the utility room is reinforced with fire-resistant material with good tightness to prevent the formation of chemical reactions.
Covering light sources with a transparent film reinforced with an adhesive base. The film completely protects fluorescent lamps from paint and vapors, thereby preventing fire. It does not tear even after prolonged use and enhances the brightness of the light.

Wall and floor finishing

The walls and floor must be resistant to fire, so you need to immediately reinforce them with steel layers. It is necessary to raise the level on the floor by 15-20 cm and cover it with reinforcement grid. It will allow air to pass through and retain paint drops. An exhaust system must be installed in the opening between the base and the grille, through which contaminated recycled air will be removed.

You can get by with a regular floor, protected from paint and solvents, but then you will need to dig trenches.

“The ideal option would be two parallel trenches, connecting into one at the exit from the chamber. They need to be covered with a dense grid to level the floor and at the same time protect them from harmful chemicals.”

The distance between the base and the grille should narrow in the direction where the recycled air is driven. Otherwise, air exchange will be disrupted. A filter system is also installed in the floor through which air masses will pass.

Here it is better to use a cardboard or fiberglass filter. It retains even small dirt particles well and is easy to operate. The service life of such filters is long, and replacement and disposal can be done even by a non-professional.

Ventilation system arrangement

For smaller spray booths, single-motor systems are suitable, which apply pressure to the paint mist and force it to settle into holes in the floor. For double-motor ventilation systems, the operating principle is to supply and pump air into the ceiling space of the chamber and powerfully exhaust recycled air to the street.

The exhaust fan is located in the floor, and the supply fan is located in the ceiling. How to build a spray booth with your own hands, taking into account all aspects of design?

If a large flow of vehicles is planned, it is better to install dual-engine systems. They circulate air and maintain the desired temperature. The cost of such ventilation is higher, but the guarantee and payback through the supply of new cars that require high-quality painting are more significant.

It is better to install a fine air filter above the ceiling in the air box. The industrial fan itself is housed in a special housing that resembles a snail in appearance. Air is pumped into it and supplied to the chamber room.

The ventilation outlet and inlet must be positioned correctly to avoid the formation of “dead zones”. Be sure to purchase a control panel with which you can regulate the power of the air flow. If clogs occur in the filters, you can solve this problem using the control panel.

Lighting

How to make a spray booth of excellent quality? Proper installation of lighting fixtures provides good conditions for comfortable work. It is advisable to install fluorescent lamps that improve visibility and have a long service life. Plus, they do not create glare or reflections, which is especially important when painting with mother-of-pearl.

The best lighting setting is 800-1000 lux. To do this, you need to install lamps on the ceiling and side walls. To improve visibility of the underside of the vehicle, long fluorescent lamps are required, located on the walls on either side of the work area. How to make a spray booth yourself in compliance with all requirements?

It is important to ensure maneuverability for the painter operator and unobstructed access to any area of the box. No permits or technical skills are required to build the camera. The main thing is to comply with the basic design parameters and not forget about safety.

Installation of heat generators that regulate the air temperature in the room and provide high-quality safe drying of the painted product must be carried out strictly according to the instructions or with the advice of a specialist. An economical option is a generator that runs on gas and waste oil. The operation of such equipment is simple.

Safety

How to make a camera that is not only comfortable to work in, but also safe? Only by observing the rules for operating devices and systems:

All heating elements must be protected with heat-resistant housings.
Devices powered by electricity must be grounded.
The insulation of the chamber must be made from non-flammable dense compounds.
Fans and lighting fixtures must be covered with dense explosion-proof material.
Correctly design the location of supply and exhaust ventilation.
The fan that draws air outside should be located near larger concentrations of dyes and solvents.

The production of paint booths is gradual and takes a lot of time, but the result is worth it.

In most cases, the search for information about the design of a spray booth begins when the need arises in a professional premises, i.e. when a person is already working with auto enamels, but the current state of affairs does not suit him. In this case, the principle of operation of ventilation and air purification is generally clear, but to implement the idea with your own hands, specific drawings and diagrams are required. There are countless nuances and pitfalls in this matter, but the main thing remains an understanding of the drying and painting processes and knowledge of the basic requirements for temperature conditions.

In no case should you limit yourself to ready-made solutions: having examined several standard projects, you can select elements that cannot be abandoned, add your own details to the project, etc. It is important to understand what is really needed in a particular case, and what can be obtained with the allocated facilities. Some elements will probably have to be abandoned, but if you understand the basic processes, there is always an opportunity to save.

Typical camera designs and operating principles

The main requirement for the chamber is clean air at the required temperature. The idea is simple, but achieving its implementation, given the commercial nature of the design, is quite problematic. The first thing to consider when designing is the required service speed. The design should include business development, which primarily relates to the possibility of adding a paint shop (or a separate workshop) to the premises and installing more powerful equipment. The photo of this camera shows that painters have the opportunity to move on lifts, but first of all you should pay attention to the right combination of lamps and ventilation grilles.

It is difficult to attach a workshop to the camera or allocate a room for tinting, but it can be no less difficult to transfer the equipment to its own energy generators. The last condition directly concerns the wiring, but a place for a welding machine (compressor) may also be required. In terms of painting volume, there are two types of spray booth:

Industrial - in stock or in theory, rails and devices for lifting the machine and automating movement, hydraulic baskets and powerful welding machines.
Commercial - a box made of sheet iron or a brick block, starting the equipment from a standard electrical network (in rare cases, welding power stations are used), the size rarely leaves the limits of 5x10m, sufficient for painting passenger cars.

Painting procedures must be carried out in an atmosphere completely free of dust and insects. Novice painters have to clean the room from dust with their own hands using rags and an artificial water curtain. However, the chamber design must include three stages of ventilation, the implementation of which is impossible without automation:

Initial air intake, filtration and heating of the room to room temperature.
The painting stage involves continuous air injection and heating to 25-30 ˚C.
Drying – circulation of air heated to 30-60 ˚C.

Air heating, ventilation and thermal insulation are parts of the equation that directly influence each other. It is impossible to change one of these elements without changing the other two. Incorrectly installed insulation during the drying phase will require the elimination of continuously forming condensate. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate ventilation for both painting stages indicated in this diagram.

Air filtration and distribution

In a proper paint booth, there should be a continuous, complete renewal of air. Therefore, it is more logical to place the hood at the bottom and the supply fan at the top. It is incorrect to place the air outlet openings only above the painting area, however, the use of a correctly oriented supply plenum, the principle of use of which is shown in this drawing, will allow you to better manage the space.

An adjustable gas burner can be used to heat the air, which is connected during the drying stage. The heating element is located after the filter and fan, sometimes outside the pipe. In any case, the design of the paint room must provide for reliable insulation of the heater from explosive gases, so the air through the heater must move strictly in one direction, and through the attic space (pipes, plenums) at such a speed as to prevent reverse movement. When the fan is turned off, the heater must stop operating immediately. The placement of the filter over the main area of the ceiling assumes a uniform distribution of air over the area, but with a weak fan it may simply not be enough - preliminary calculation is important to determine the area of the grilles (plenums) and their location without the formation of turbulence zones.

The incoming air is purified by several filters, with a coarse filter located before the fan, and a fine filter directly at the boundary of the box. Cotton filters are often used as the latter, which are sheet (roll) material placed on top of the ventilation grille. Pocket (cellular) filters that meet the DIN 53438 standard (pre-filtration), the European standard EN779 and DIN EN 779 (class F5 internal filter) have the longest service life. In the above project drawing, the primary filter is indicated by the number 2, and the air intake by the number 1.

Drying mode

Safety is the main condition when developing and assembling a paint booth design with your own hands. Therefore, ventilation performs two functions at once: eliminating toxic gases and cleaning the air from dust. Immediately after finishing the painting procedure, the maximum release of solvent vapor occurs. All types of enamels have their own distribution according to the time scale of evaporation intensity, but in general, complete air purification requires only 10-20 minutes (otherwise a matte layer will form on the surface of the enamel).

After the painting procedure is completed, the chamber is ventilated for some time in standard mode, but after this there is no direct need for clean air. In view of this fact and the cost of heating the room, an air recirculation system is used during drying, saving 40-50% of energy. To do this, supply and exhaust ventilation are connected by a valve that allows 70-85% of the air back through. The principle of operation is demonstrated in this drawing; it must be borne in mind that renewal of 15-20% of the flow at each cycle is necessary even at the end of drying.

Materials for the spray booth

A common solution to the problem is to convert it into a chamber of a domestic carriage, but in this option it is difficult to organize proper exhaust ventilation. Even at the design stage, the construction of a box for painting should include an underground exhaust (second floor, trenches) and an attic space for organizing air distribution. Having provided for this possibility when laying a concrete base, in the future you can easily transform the hood and supply with your own hands outside the room for painting work.

If the ceiling ventilation grille occupies less than 2/3 of the ceiling, then the ceiling must have slopes along the edges to eliminate dead zones. Most often, these slopes are combined with side lamps. Exhaust ventilation must be less powerful, so the grille can occupy the entire floor or most of it, as can be seen in the photo of this spray booth.

Most amateurs have to rely on the standard dimensions of a “6x4” garage, but it should be taken into account that 20-40 cm will have to be immediately “cut off” from the ceiling in order to arrange fresh air ventilation. The walls are sheathed with sheet iron, and mineral wool or other non-flammable insulation is placed in the gap between the wall and the galvanized steel (minimum wool is 60 cm thick). If the project contains the original brickwork, you can limit yourself to PVC panels, but it would be correct to use galvanized sheets, which are offered in the construction of any professional painting booths.

05.20.2014 — Drying and painting technologies

What is needed in order to make a spray booth? You need to understand what a spray booth (painting booth) consists of. The function that the cabin must perform is the hood function.

So the components of the spray booth:

1. Body
2. Fan
3. Lamp
4. Control panel or relay
5. Cable kit
6. Complete set of filters.

For a more comprehensive diagram of the cabin structure, I link to the diagram http://optimumteh.ru/product/suhaya-kabina-okc

The spray booth with dry filters has 2 levels of filtration:

Level 1 - corrugated cardboard filter (retains paint when sprayed up to 15 kg/per sq.m.)
Level 2 - a fiberglass filter (floor-mounted in rolls) is installed directly in front of the fan and provides additional cleaning of paint residues.

The use of a 2-level filtration system allows you to improve the quality of air purification.

Sometimes only glass fiber filters are used, but this is not economically feasible, since their holding capacity is 3.4-4.5 kg per square meter. meter of waste, they clog up very quickly and you have to change them often, and the cabin also loses suction power.

The verifier must have a certain explosion protection class (motor) in order to protect it from explosion.

The lamp must also be explosion-proof - usually IP66, but you can use equipment with a higher safety class.

What kind of paint booth to make and why side walls?

The size of the spray booth depends on what product you plan to paint, that is, if the product is 1.5 meters, then it is better to make the booth 2 meters (to allow maneuvering and turning of the products). It is also very important to choose the correct fan power. It should not be too weak so that the paint sits on the floor and does not stretch out. And not too powerful, since the paint will be drawn out and will not have time to reach the product.

What side walls should be made in the cabin and what are they for?

Side machines are the depth of the working area; they are needed to narrow the air flow that the paint booth draws in. This is quite important if the cabin will be located in a large room. For example, the cabin is 2 meters and the total wall is 5 meters, it is better to make side walls, but if the cabin is 2 meters and the rear wall of the room is 3 meters, you don’t have to make the depth.

An organized hood is definitely necessary! They remove solvent vapors, clear the air of paint and ensure the creation of conditions for painting products.

The second no less important element of the painting area is the air supply (air preparation unit), which must blow air into this room. Moreover, the air must be heated and purified.

08.04.2015

When the need arises to paint a car on your own, a paint booth in the garage will be a great solution to the problem.

Basic requirements for building a room with your own hands

Spray booth - operating principle

The space must be insulated and free of flammable materials;
the wall (with a height of at least three meters) is covered with a matte film, which, thanks to the magnetization effect, attracts and holds dust particles. The surface is easy to clean, its lifespan is enough to paint ten cars. Powder matte coating on a vertical plane is additionally treated with a fire-retardant layer.
the paint booth in the garage is designed to be extremely sealed;
a room built with your own hands must comply with all technical safety standards.

The role of filters in the painting business

Thanks to the high ceiling in a narrow-purpose room, a filter structure with an exhaust pipe can be constructed on the upper perimeter.

If the paint booth in the garage is single-engine, then a filter roll surface is laid over the entire ceiling area. To retain large debris, removable pocket filters are attached in front of the ventilation system.
The double-engine room is equipped with an additional filter in the floor. The structure is mounted with your own hands in the air duct system or under a metal deck. The mist of paint spraying falls down and is taken away by suction through special holes. The load on the device is significant, so filter components with the possibility of coarse cleaning are used, or a fine cleaning cassette mesh is mounted in front of the device.

Manipulations with lathing and flooring

Trenches are made in the finished floor and covered with metal grating. This technique raises the floor level by no less than 15 cm. A ventilation motor is mounted into the resulting ground cavity.
What to do when the paint booth in the garage is not equipped with the necessary floor:

with a continuous floor covering, two trenches or one rectangular hole with a meter deep can be dug. If this type of work cannot be carried out, a second floor is laid with your own hands with a deviation of 20 cm. In the intermediate space, ventilation units are installed with output outside the garage;
when the room has a ready-made inspection hole, the recess is covered with a metal grid made of reinforcement. Boards are laid out under the sheathing in the shape of wedges. An acute angle should be formed towards the entrance of the room. An air duct pipe is brought out from the underground cavity, which will become the bottom ventilation of the room.

Correct lighting

If the paint booth in the garage is technically correctly lit, the worker will easily notice dust particles in the air and quickly eliminate flaws in the fresh paint. Do-it-yourself installed fluorescent lamps are optimal for the human eye, so painting work will always be productive.

Imitation of daylight is created by installing fluorescent lamps in two rows. Light sources are installed along the ceiling-wall perimeter. If this electrification option is not possible, the lighting is left on the ceiling. Portable lighting is used to paint the lower parts of the vehicle. Frequent and uniform spot lighting on the surfaces of the room is the main guarantee of quality work.

Heating system

Any paint booth in a garage must meet all temperature requirements. Deviations in one direction can undermine a worker’s health and reduce the quality of paint applied to a metal surface.

In the cold season, electric heating elements and local heating will be sufficient. You can install a heat gun, warm air from which will flow to key ceiling points and warm up the interior space.

If the DIY painting room is not intended for large-scale operation, purchasing a heat generator will become unprofitable, since rare use of the equipment is unlikely to pay off.

Profitable car drying

To decide on the method of performing work, start from the degree of workload of the camera:

air drying (relevant for single painting). The main disadvantage is the duration of the procedure;
For commercial purposes, household infrared equipment is beneficial. Complete drying is observed much earlier than when working with air.

Benefits of infrared drying

The red light lamp is ready to dry any painted surface in a short time.
The device consumes electricity sparingly.
The equipment is capable of drying any putty or primer, which is important for large-scale car reconstruction.

"Inside"

Often a paint booth in a garage is lined with plastic sheets or metal corrugated sheets. Processing this surface will not be difficult. Accumulated dust on light-colored walls and ceilings will immediately catch the eye if the coating is made of a matte white color. Finishing works have decorative elements. The owner's imagination allows him to perform boxing in the most unconventional way.

Painting cycle

The first stage is necessary for the intake of air with dust in the chamber, its filtration and final entry into the box in a purified form;
painting activities heat up air masses, so a complex ventilation system systematically removes too heated air outside the garage;
drying the car. After being filtered, the air in the room is heated to 60 degrees and circulates through the box (dries the paint of the car).

Automation. Remote Control

When funds allow, the paint booth in the garage will become more advanced with an automated control system.

The control panel is made of heavy-duty materials and has manual and automatic operation modes. Thanks to the built-in timer, local painting forms are of the same quality as factory-made ones.

What determines the cost of boxing?

sheathing material;
number of motors;
branching of ventilation ducts;
normal or industrial purpose of the premises;
quantity and complexity of work performed.

Safety precautions

The concrete floor provides unobstructed entry into the chamber. The base is built on the same level as the adjacent rooms. The flooring material promotes normal air exchange. The finished metal floor is fixed at least 40 cm higher than similar surfaces of adjacent rooms. To soften the difference in floor surfaces, a bridge is being built.

Particular attention is paid to the fastening parts of the ventilation system. Clogging and deformation of the air intake passages can imperceptibly provoke the accumulation of fumes from paint solutions. An unpleasant phenomenon can cause a local fire or even an explosion.

The question of how to make a paint booth with your own hands according to the drawings comes to mind immediately after studying the prices of ready-made paint booths. After all, there is nothing supernatural in them that you cannot build yourself, in some cases from scrap materials, and in others by purchasing the necessary elements.

But this will result in quite good savings, which will make it possible to direct a large amount of the budget in some other direction, for example, into painting equipment or into the material itself.

And this is a direct investment in the quality of future services. Let's take a step-by-step look at the option of creating a dye shop for cars with your own hands.

Where to start creating a camera

The basis of the spray booth can be built from scratch, or you can start arranging it even in the most ordinary garage.

Requirements

Now let’s estimate what requirements the future dyeing plant should have:

Briefly about the criteria

Having collected the above criteria, we declare that the painting booth must be an enclosed room with a ventilation and heat regulation system, equipped with air filters and lighting.

Ventilation There can be a single-engine version or a dual-engine version.

The first is aimed only at supply air purification; it is much simpler to implement, but is much inferior to the second.
The dual-motor system performs purification at both the air inlet and outlet, which will be most effective. But in both cases, the air must circulate throughout the entire room, leaving no dead zone.

For heating air Usually an adjustable gas burner is used. The heating element is located after the filter and fan.

Here it is very important to consider the safe distance between the heater and explosive substances and the trajectory of hot air to avoid an accident. Heating should automatically stop when ventilation is turned off.

All finishing and insulation materials must be non-flammable, and devices inside the room must be protected from explosions.

Electrical appliances must be equipped, and heat exchangers are equipped with thermostats to prevent overheating. The box is equipped with a high-quality fire extinguishing system.