How to make a metal staircase to the second floor of a house - step-by-step instructions. Do-it-yourself metal staircase - design and quality depend only on you. Weld the staircase to the second floor with your own hands.

Good afternoon. Today we will ascend to beauty. Move along the steps of beauty. Sliding along the railings of the future. And cling to the balusters of the invisible... In short - down with intrigue! We will talk about metal stairs for a private home– airy, weightless, floating in the air – and how they wonderfully transform the interior.

Stairs to the second floor of a house are not always bulky structures made of solid wood, with creaky steps and wide railings.

Interfloor stairs can be made of metal - and then they no longer crush with their massiveness, do not overload the room - but only lift us quickly and weightlessly to new levels of our domestic happiness.

The choice of type of construction and design solutions in staircases for the home is so wide - that I decided to CREATE THIS one especially for you ARTICLE to help you decide on the type of staircase for your home.

In this article you will see a variety of designs for staircases and flights. These will be

compact spiral staircases to the second floor (twisted in a spiral)
straight stairs and with a turn (which do not take up much space)
stairs on consoles and consoles (you will find out how they differ - and choose your type)

You will find out what kind of metal structures you can order - as a staircase to the second floor of a private house, to the attic, to the basement, fire escape stairs, street stairs in the form of a porch.

So, let's understand it in detail and specifically.

The advantages of metal stairs are over wooden ones.

METAL STAIRS are the most reliable staircase structures. Wide design possibilities allow such staircases to be truly beautiful (and even chic), radically transforming the interior of the house.

Metal is the only opportunity to combine LIGHTWEIGHT and RELIABILITY.

Wooden stairs for a home always require massive beams, large-section beams and additional space in the room. Wood is a material that breathes, moves - sometimes absorbing moisture, sometimes drying out - and is constantly changing.

Over time, this leads to loosening of the structure and the appearance of creaking and sagging steps. With a metal staircase this will never happen. It will remain consistently strong and reliable for decades.

Wooden bulky stairs eat up space. While thin metal plates, elegant railings and transparent fences KEEP AIR AND LIGHT IN THE ROOM.

And if you like the soft vibrant color of wood, then the metal steps of the stairs can be painted if desired polymer paint in wood shades.

In the photo below you see metal steps beige color (like a light wood shade)…

You can give steel steps a rich brown color (dark wood).

The production of stairs always begins with an assessment of the basic design of the room and the development of a private project for this particular house.

Another important advantage of metal stairs to the second floor is the ability to create increased level of security steps and flights.

ONLY in metal stairs You can do unique steps with RIGGED anti-slip protection. This will make your interfloor staircase completely safe for both small children and tipsy guests.

A staircase that is both SOLID and LOW-BULKY is the perfect solution for a modern home interior.

Moreover, the interfloor staircase is made of metal not necessary assumes an interior in a cool HI-TECH style.

Such designs (both straight and rotary) are laconic and versatile. And therefore, stairs made of cold metal can easily fit into a home interior, full of comfort and warmth and rich colors.

Many manufacturing companies provide the opportunity to PAINT metal products in a wide range of colors. This will help bring any design solution into reality. the boldest shade.

You can order a staircase for a private house to suit the interior of any style.

We can make simple, strict forms of an interfloor staircase... or give the staircase for a house or porch an aesthetic and sophisticated design with forged elements.

Metal external stairs - porch, rise to a high terrace.

Metal stairs can be entrance leading to the porch or terrace.

External high staircase can lead to the second floor attic .

Metal stairs for administrative buildings.

You can order strong and durable metal stairs for offices, administrative and industrial premises, restaurants.

Fell a little in love with the idea of a metal embodiment... Now let's talk about THREE main types such stepped structures.

TYPES OF STAIRS according to their types of construction.

Stairs on STRINGS are light and airy.

Kosour is a cranked frame, which extends from the floor of the lower floor to the edge of the upper floor. The steps are attached to a reliable steel stringer structure. This heavy-duty design has an almost unlimited service life.

Below you see a staircase with one stringer (it runs in the center of the flights of stairs)

Also, a metal staircase can be on two stringers - along the edges of the flights of steps.

In the photo below you see an interfloor staircase on two stringers. One stringer runs along the wall - the second along the outer edge of the steps.

Such stringer staircase designs for the home are produced quite quickly(individually for all curves and your room) and the installation process itself happens quite quickly. And such a ladder serves faithfully for several decades (enough for great-grandchildren and their grandchildren).

Here in the photo below we see two types of stringer frames for interfloor stairs- a simple flat accordion stringer and a more massive straight staircase frame with welded frames of future steps.

CONSOLE STAIRCASE – floating steps.

Today, designers strive to relieve every square meter of living space. The cantilever staircase responds to their desire to simplify the space. Steps frozen in the air are an excellent design solution in the style of minimalism.

Despite the apparent fragility, such staircase structures for the second floor are VERY STRONG AND ABSOLUTELY RELIABLE... There is no doubt about this when you see How exactly is such a staircase installed?

The railing on such “floating” stairs can be made of glass...

... or completely absent.

Accurate engineering load calculation complies with general rule for such interfloor cantilever stairs — every step must withstand up to 150 kg of weight at the most extreme (farthest from the wall) point.

COMBINED STAIRS – stringer frame + consoles.

You can choose a COMBINED staircase frame for your home - when between the cantilever fastening of the steps and additional support in the form of a stringer.

We see an example of such a combined staircase to the second floor in the photo below - the hanging steps are suspended in the air (as in cantilever structures), but have an additional base in the form of a metal stringer installed along the wall.

SPIRLAL STAIRCASE made of metal.

The spiral metal staircase has radial shape of the structure– when the steps are placed SPIRAL around the central pillar of the support. Made of metal, such stairs to the second floor are very reliable. Even made according to the same project, they can look completely different, thanks to different methods of decorative painting.

Spiral staircases fit perfectly and succinctly into any room design.

They can serve as an interfloor staircase for a private house.

Or they can be installed in multi-level rooms equipped as an office.

Such stairs are also ordered as external street structures for climbing onto terraces and open attics.

Currently, there are quite a few companies on the market that make such staircases to order. Our accumulated experience, professional equipment and design and engineering capabilities allow us to make any staircase dream for your home come true.

An entrance staircase to a porch, an external staircase to a high terrace or a beautiful staircase to the second floor of a private house - each project is an individually developed solution, taking into account even the smallest wishes of the client.

Olga Klishevskaya, especially for the site

In order to make a metal staircase to the second floor with your own hands, you will need certain skills in handling an angle grinder and a welding machine. In fact, designing and installing such a structure is not that difficult. The main thing is to adhere to the basic recommendations.

Design Features

First of all, you should understand the structure of this design. As is already clear from the name, the basis of such a staircase is a metal frame. All load-bearing elements of these stairs are made of durable alloys. In this case, it is possible to create an incredibly durable structure. Additional supports improve the stability of massive stairs and increase the limits of their dimensions.

In order to build a reliable metal staircase with your own hands, you need to carefully work out the drawings. It is necessary to calculate the main parameters for the project and decide on the concept of the product as a whole. A metal staircase can be designed as follows:

straight;
rotary with winder steps;
with a platform;
screw.

The technique of making metal stairs with your own hands allows you to create structures of any complexity.

Structural types of metal stairs

Selection of materials and tools

Not every metal is suitable for making stairs on a metal frame. For this purpose, it is necessary to select alloys that have sufficient strength and tensile strength. Brittle material may not withstand the load, especially when it comes to welding seams.

Since you have to make a safe and durable staircase to the second floor with your own hands from metal, pay attention, first of all, to materials such as cast iron and perforated steel. Channels can be used as a frame. Pipes and angles are also suitable. It is better to use corrugated sheets for steps to prevent slipping.

For strength when making stairs, I use channel bars as a frame.

To make steps for a channel staircase with your own hands, you can combine a metal frame with wood. The same goes for handrails.
There are different ways to attach parts to a metal frame. The simplest and most accessible is the use of bolts and nuts. However, such a connection can negatively affect the metal frame. The best option is combination with welding. To weld staircase parts together with your own hands, you need to know the principles of making various seams and safety precautions.

Thus, to carry out installation, you will need the following tools:
Bulgarian;

roulette;

welding machine;

drill;

level;

sandpaper;

wrench.

Making supports

The first stage is based on how to make a metal frame for a metal staircase to the second floor. Since all the work is done with your own hands, you need to calculate and mark the parameters for supporting and auxiliary parts. When making stairs on a metal frame with your own hands, you can consider several options to draw up a project:

Metal sheet stringers are cut according to the wooden principle; A strong sheet of metal is required to make the frame.

Stepped bowstring - metal channels are welded together, forming a stepped bowstring.

With fillets - a frame is made using a straight channel, and fillies for the steps are additionally welded to it.

Central support - for such a metal frame it is best to use a pipe. For a straight flight, the support is placed in the center, and for a spiral staircase it is shifted to the side so that the turning steps can be welded to the axis.

Do-it-yourself welding allows you to create any configuration of a product based on a metal frame. If the structure is quite massive, use additional supports.
Types of frames for metal stairs

steps

After you have made the metal frame of the staircase from a channel or pipe with your own hands, you can install the steps themselves directly on it. For outdoor staircases, descent to the utility floor, basements and industrial premises, you can make a completely welded staircase with your own hands. In this case, the role of steps will be performed by a metal sheet, which serves as a continuation of the frame.

For residential premises, the most suitable option is to install wooden steps. They are laid on the prepared base. Its role can be played by plates welded onto fillets or a frame made of corner profiles. The boards are fastened with self-tapping screws.

Installation of wooden steps on a metal frame is carried out using self-tapping screws

Fastening fences

A prerequisite for both iron staircases to the second floor and any other ones made by hand is the installation of stable fences and railings. Welded handrails are excellent for structures on a metal frame. The combination of forged balusters with carved wooden railings looks great. For simple products you can use channels, angles, pipes and reinforcement bars.

Height requirements remain standard for all types of fencing. Their height must be at least 90 cm. The structure can be installed using bolts or using the same welding method.

If you plan to completely cover the metal frame with wood, you can make wooden fences.

Fencing elements are fastened to a metal staircase using bolts or welding

Decorative finishing

In order for the manufacture and installation of a metal staircase directly to the floor to be successful, it is necessary to carry out additional protective and decorative treatment. For the most part, the material used to create stairs, namely the metal frame, is susceptible to external factors and can become rusty over time, which negatively affects its condition. Therefore, it is important to prevent such phenomena.

The best option is to use parts that are pre-coated with hammer paint. After installation has been completed, you can additionally coat them with paint of the color you already need.

If you use wooden parts, you should also take care of their protection. The wood is treated with antifungal and water-repellent impregnations. Then you can cover them with stain and varnish, or simply treat them with several layers of paint. It is advisable to use oil, acrylic or latex compounds, as they have greater resistance to wear and moisture.

Treatment of wood with antifungal and water-repellent impregnations is mandatory

If installation and processing are done correctly, a staircase with a metal frame will serve you for an incredibly long time. Carefully draw up a project plan, since it will be almost impossible to correct errors or change the configuration of the structure in the future.

Metal is perfect for assembling a variety of staircase structures. Compared to other existing materials, it has good indicators of service life, reliability and load-bearing capacity.

From the material in question, it is possible to make both small-sized staircase structures with low weight, and solid stairs of any level of complexity and configuration. A properly assembled metal staircase can organically fit into almost any interior. This design will be appropriate both inside and outside the room.

An additional advantage is that you can assemble an ordinary metal staircase with your own hands. To do this, just study the recommendations below and do everything in accordance with the instructions.

In terms of structural properties, internal and external metal stairs do not differ significantly from their wooden and concrete counterparts. Before starting work, you must prepare a staircase design and choose the most rational form of the product.

In accordance with the manufacturing method, metal stairs are divided into welded and forged options. Forging skills, of course, cannot be mastered quickly, but to make a simple welded staircase, a good theoretical basis and a couple of practical lessons are enough. However, first you need to choose the best option for the future design.

Types of staircase structures

Among the most popular homemade stairs are:

stairs with stringers. In this case, the steps are fixed on a kind of metal ridges;
ladders on rails. Frameless system. The steps are attached to the load-bearing wall. Bolts specially designed for this purpose are used for fastening;
staircases on beams. In this case, the basis of the design is represented by bowstrings. Between them risers and treads, or only treads, are fixed;
spiral staircases. The structure has a spiral appearance and is attached to a load-bearing central support;
prefabricated stairs. Assembled from ready-made modules. The assembly process is extremely simple.

Regardless of the type of staircase, it can only be supported by the ceiling. To further increase the overall reliability of the structure, additional support elements can be placed under the landings of the staircase structure.

You can also secure the platforms with consoles, and place the racks discreetly in the wall space.

Often, a separate load-bearing partition made of brick or concrete is erected to accommodate the stairs.

At this point you will have to figure it out yourself, focusing on personal preferences and the recommendations received above.

Combination options

Metal can be combined with almost any finishing materials. It harmonizes perfectly with glass, various stones, concrete, as well as wood and brick.

A homemade metal staircase can be equipped with any type of fencing: both ordinary vertical posts and unusual screens made of perforated steel and glass, carved items, hand-forged elements, throws, etc.

Fencing elements can be fastened using bolts or welding to the end of the step, or they can also be installed directly on the steps.

In accordance with the personal preferences of the owner, operational specifics and stylistic features, the load-bearing part of the metal structure can be supplemented with steps made of corrugated metal, reinforcing steel, concrete, porcelain stoneware and many other materials.

In private houses, metal staircases with wooden steps look most organic. Outside the home, the staircase may consist entirely of metal. It is advisable to sheathe the inside of the frame with another, more pleasant and familiar material.

You can lay facing ceramics, durable laminate, carpet and other wear-resistant materials on the steps of the stairs.

Guide to assembling a homemade flight of stairs

There is nothing overly complicated about assembling a metal staircase yourself. All you need to do is follow the instructions in everything and thoroughly think through your every further action.

Preparation

Before starting work, prepare all the necessary equipment for this. First of all you will need welding machine. Beginners master inverter-type devices most quickly - they are the easiest to use. With appropriate experience, you can use any other machine suitable for welding the metal you are using.

Also prepare mechanical saw, grinder and emery wheel. If you will be making wooden steps, additionally prepare clamps, electric drill with a set of drills, self-tapping screws, circular saw.

Prepare in advance project of the future staircase. You can make it yourself, order it from a specialized company, or find suitable drawings in open sources. There are quite a few such sources, so you can easily choose the staircase option that is best suited specifically for your situation.

Diagram of a simple metal staircase: 1 Channel. 2 Corrugated metal steps. 3 Steel fillies. 4 Welding locations. 5 Brackets for fastening steps.

The simplest metal staircase will be based on a channel of dimensions 8-10 placed on its edge. If you plan to finish the staircase, prepare your preferred material for this, for example, wooden boards or sheet metal.

It is best to cover the steps of an external staircase with corrugated metal sheets or other non-slip material.

The fences will be made of angle steel. To create supports for the treads, prepare reinforcement.

First step. Cut the reinforcement into fillets. These are special support devices placed on the beam. Select the dimensions and required number of fillies in accordance with the terms of the design documentation for your staircase.

Second step. Weld mounting brackets to the side of the filly on which the step will subsequently “lie.”

Third step. Weld the fillets to the channel installed on the rib. Pre-prepared markings made in accordance with the design documentation will help you with this.

Attach the second channel to the prepared channel beam with fillets attached to it and correct the markings if deviations are detected.

For self-assembly of an ordinary staircase with a meter width, a couple of stringers or bowstrings will be enough. If the staircase has more impressive dimensions, equip it with three or more support beams.

Fourth step. Assemble all the elements of a homemade metal staircase into a single structure using welding.

Fifth step. Treat the metal with a primer, and after it dries, with a special anti-corrosion compound.

Finally, all that remains is to install the assembled staircase on the supports. The support functions can be performed by racks, high-quality welded from a channel, as well as metal corners attached to the support beams by welding.

If you wish, you can give preference to a more complex design of a metal staircase with a bowstring cut from thick sheet metal. Cut according to the design, as accurately and accurately as possible. Otherwise, the procedure for assembling the staircase will not differ from the assembly of the design option considered above.

After assembling and installing the structure, proceed to covering the steps.

Step cladding

A variety of materials can be used to finish the steps of a metal staircase. In households, such finishing is most often done using wooden overlays.

First step. Mark on the metal steps the locations of future holes for bolts or screws in increments of 150 mm. The distance between the end edges of the steps and the mounting holes must be at least 20 mm.

Second step. Attach plywood backing to the treads. Fix the element using a special adhesive composition, usually sold with the mark “with filling effect”. This glue is notable for the fact that it does not wrinkle after hardening. In addition, the filling adhesive composition allows you to eliminate various minor defects that inevitably appear even with the highest quality welding.

It is prohibited to use simple mounting foam to fix the substrate - this material does not have the necessary resistance to crushing and very quickly deforms under the influence of mechanical loads.

Third step. Secure the wooden overlay to the tread using a pair of clamps, and then finally secure it through the pre-prepared mounting holes. If you use self-tapping screws, place them underneath in the undertight area. If fastening is carried out with bolts, fix it openly.

Carry out the covering of all steps according to the above diagram.

Thus, there is nothing complicated in assembling a simple metal staircase yourself. Having studied the basic provisions of the instructions and learned additional nuances, you will be able to cope with all the activities yourself. Improve your skills, and very soon you will be able to assemble more complex and aesthetically pleasing staircase structures of any size, type and configuration.

Good luck!

Video - DIY metal stairs

Metal, as the main material for the manufacture of inter-level stairs for a house or apartment, always stands out for its optimal load-bearing capacity and durability in use.

The technological qualities of metal make it possible to create stairs of any format and dimensions, and at the same time, these will be lightweight structures that can fit perfectly into any interior.

In addition, a simple straight metal staircase to the second floor, created with your own hands, is a fairly easy option that can be assembled with little welding skills.

In terms of design features, a metal flight of stairs will be no different from its counterparts made of wood or concrete, that is, the same design and calculation principles are used everywhere.

This basically speaks of the standard standards adopted for any staircase structure, namely:

The width of the stairs should not be less than 900 mm. This applies specifically to the indoor option, which is also used in private homes.
Greatest slope – 1:1,25 , and the slope should be constant and not change the indicators throughout the flight of stairs.
The height of the steps must be the same and correspond 15-18 cm.
Depth 30-35 cm.

Important! The staircase is a kind of risk zone, so not only the slope, but also the fencing is of great importance.

Any fences, including metal spiral staircases to the second floor, must be strong so that they can withstand a lateral load of 100 kg.
The distance between the vertical posts of the fence should not exceed 150 mm, or 120 if there are children.

In terms of manufacturing method, the metal staircase structure can be forged and.

Types of projects

The most suitable designs for metal staircase structures that you can manufacture and assemble yourself are:

Staircases on stringers– iron support beams on which the entire staircase is mounted.

On one stringer. The I-beam or channel is located in the middle and the steps are attached to it.

Staircase on rails. There is no frame here, and the steps are attached to the wall with special bolts - bolts.

Construction on iron strings, support beams (the steps are installed here between the bowstrings).
Screw version, where the load-bearing element is the supporting central column.

Important! In principle, you can assemble almost all structures yourself, except for the screw one, which requires complex calculations. And the work itself on preparing all the components is quite complicated.

Job

First you need to decide on the dimensions. The dimensions selected for the example of manufacturing a simple single-flight staircase structure are:

Width – 900 mm.
Slope 45 degrees.
Step height – 15 cm.
Depth 30 cm.

Depending on the height of the room, the number of steps is calculated, for example, with a room height of 2800 mm, there can be 11-12 steps.

Welding machine.
Grinder with cutting discs for metal.
Emery wheel.
Clamps.
Drill and drill bits for metal.

From materials, you will need two channels measuring 8x10 cm, these will be bowstrings, sheet steel, these will be steps, and a corner from which the “fillies” will be made.

Assembly and welding

Further instructions involve the following actions:

First, the fillies are made. Here you need to calculate everything exactly; steps will be installed on them. The fillies must be congruent with each other, that is, mirror images of each other.
The fillies are made of steel angle. In this case, on the part of the device on which the step will rest, you will need to install a mounting bracket.
The channel is installed on the edge and marked.
According to the markings, the fillets are welded to the edge of the bowstring.

To make the design completely identical, the second channel can be attached to the first, and the markings can be completely adjusted with the fillies already welded. It can also be noted that if the dimensions of the staircase structure, or rather the width, are expected to be greater than 1.2 meters, then it is recommended to use an additional third string.

In the project under consideration, the width 0.9 meters, so two support beams are ideal.

Once all the fillies are ready, you can do all the parts of the stairs. The strings are attached at the lowest point to a metal support post, which can be installed in concrete, and here interfloor metal stairs can also be welded to brackets in the wall if one string is wall-mounted.

The option of such wall mounting gives the structure additional rigidity. The upper part of the bowstring is welded to a steel support post, which is screwed to the ceiling with steel anchors.

After everything is assembled, all that remains is to install the steps. There are two ways to go here. Either simply weld the steps to the fillets, which are perfectly level initially, or use the bolt-on method.

Conclusion

More complex designs will simply require more care, but the basic principles of working with metal remain the same. And this is a huge plus of hardware, and in the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.

Stairs to the second floor, made of metal, are strong, durable, but at the same time light, openwork and fit well into the interior of the house. They can have any color schemes, platform sizes, steps; there is a wide variety of shapes and designs, which, in combination with various materials, helps to implement all kinds of design tasks.

Metal bears the main load, but its high performance characteristics allow it to successfully withstand external influences, it is easy to work with, so the staircase can be completely made with your own hands. Occupying a smaller area, it divides the space between the premises on the ground floor and on the upper level.

Choosing the best option

Regardless of the complexity of manufacturing and the type of product chosen, the work begins with determining the location of the future structure, after which drawings are drawn up, consumable building materials are calculated, and tools are prepared. At this stage, it also wouldn’t hurt to familiarize yourself with the SNiP standards that flights of stairs must comply with.

The main requirements are:

The recommended width for stairs in the house is 900 cm.
The height of the steps is 16–21 cm.
The depth is 27 cm, which corresponds to the size of the average man’s foot.
Convenient slope of the march is 30–40°. With smaller values, the structure will take up a lot of space; with larger values, you will no longer have to walk on it, but climb it.
The railing must withstand lateral forces of 100 kg.
The distance between them is 15 cm. If there are small children in the family, it is recommended to reduce it to 12 cm.

The most common types of stairs are: The most popular option is on two stringers, load-bearing beams on which steps are installed.

On one stringer. The entire load falls on the central metal beam, made of a powerful I-section, channel, on which the remaining elements are attached. The steps are located in the middle. Such stairs are durable and take up little space, while looking airy.

On bowstrings, special supports located on the side of the steps.

On bolts, anchor bolts, with which the steps are attached to the wall.

Spiral staircase design. This is the most interesting, but at the same time difficult to implement option. The central support in the form of a pillar acts as a load-bearing element.

If you have no experience in manufacturing iron structures, you should choose and make a simple one-flight staircase for the first time. If the flight has more than ten steps, it makes sense to provide an intermediate platform or a turn.

To get started, you will need to prepare the following tool:

welding machine with mask and gloves;
a grinder with metal discs for cleaning surfaces;
drill with a set of drills;
stable iron table;
vices, clamps;
tape measure, square, pencil.

As well as materials such as:

metal profile, corners;
wood for finishing steps;
white spirit, primer, paint.

Straight metal stairs

The easiest to manufacture is a straight flight of stairs (on stringers). Stringer is an inclined beam that serves as the basis for fastening other elements. At the initial stage, in order to eliminate possible errors, you should prepare drawings and master an inverter-type welding machine, which is more convenient to use.

The metal frame is assembled as follows:

The channel, which forms the basis of the future march, is installed on the edge.
From reinforcement and corners, fillets and supports for steps are cut, and brackets are welded to them.
Using pre-applied markings, they are attached to the channel by welding, but before that, by placing two profiles next to each other, they check the correspondence of the marks. They must match.
Install fence posts - railings. If necessary, additional supports are installed to increase their rigidity.
Jumpers are cut from the corner, with the help of which two channels are connected to each other.
After assembling all the elements, the flight of stairs is installed in place.
Finally, the joints are cleaned and coated with a primer.

At this point, the welded iron structure is ready and the steps can be made. For these purposes, corrugated or ordinary sheet metal is suitable, but if the staircase is located inside the house, then it is better to pay attention to finishing materials such as wood, artificial, and natural stone.

Having prepared the wooden planks (the dimensions of the blanks are selected arbitrarily, based on the existing distance between the beams), they are fixed using self-tapping screws or using bolted connections. In the latter case, to facilitate the process, the necessary markings are applied to the wood and channel and the corresponding holes are prepared.

Features of installation work

The most widespread are marches with one central stringer and two side strings. Usually the main supporting element is a channel or profile pipe. The following requirements are offered for installation of the structure.

The beams must be securely and stably fastened. This concerns the accuracy of fitting their edges to the floor and the ceiling of the upper floor. To reduce the likelihood of distortions, special metal heels are installed in the contact areas and, having secured them with anchor bolts, the beams are then welded.

The frame for the steps in the form of a rectangular platform is made from a corner. Taking into account the characteristics of the material for further finishing, the corner is welded with the shelves down and inward. This option is acceptable for steps made of wood or corrugated metal sheets, but for concreting, ceramic tiles, porcelain stoneware, it is assembled with the profile up and inward. The number of blanks must correspond to the number of steps.

The process of creating fillies - supports curved in the shape of the letter "L" - is somewhat more complicated, since all the parts must be welded to the beams absolutely symmetrically, then each of them is additionally strengthened with gussets and connected with a transverse crossbar. This leads to an increase in the number of welds and increases the complexity of the work.

The length is selected arbitrarily, trying to ensure that the slope of the central stringer is within 30–45°.

The best result is obtained if the manufacture of the staircase is planned during the design process of a private house. Then there are no problems at the march installation stage.

Screw design for small spaces

When a private house has limited space, or a metal flight of stairs does not fit into the interior of the room, many owners pay attention to screw structures. Because they take up less space and can be assembled using stringers, bowstrings, and loaches. The last option for fastening to bolts is especially popular if you have to do all the work yourself, since welding is not needed. Then it is enough to secure the central pillar and then add steps to it.

To make the staircase comfortable, in addition to the main dimensions (width, height, depth of steps), it is necessary to take into account the diameter. To determine it, the length of the step is multiplied by two and d of the support column is added.

The quantity can be determined based on the requirements of SNiP, according to which the height of the offense should not go beyond 15 - 20 cm. And the width at the narrowest point is at least 10 cm, at the widest - 27 cm, but the best indicator is within 30 cm .

When starting to manufacture a spiral staircase, work is performed in the following order:

Installation of the central pillar. This operation should be carried out during the construction stage, since the lower end can be easily concreted to the recommended depth of 40 cm, and the upper end can be fixed to the ceiling with dowels. In the finished room, a base in the form of support plates is welded along the edges of the pillar and only then they are fixed with fasteners.
Installation of steps. It is better to make them from steel and subsequently decorate them with wood, stone, and paint.
Installation of additional support support in the form of a separate pole or wall mount. The main thing is that one of the supporting steps rests on it.
Adding extra rigidity. To do this, all the steps are tied together using jumpers.
Installation of fencing - railings. Their presence is an indispensable condition if the height of the staircase is or exceeds two floors, and the width of the steps is less than 90 cm. The railings are attached to additionally welded support posts.
Decoration. Finishing is carried out with stone, wood, artistic forging, or simply painted in the desired color.

When constructing an interfloor structure, it is necessary to take into account any nuances, which in the future will allow you to avoid making mistakes and will facilitate its maintenance.

The steps against the wall are installed with a small gap so that a sheet of wallpaper passes between them.
The railings are welded on the side, which will maintain the width of the span.
To remove small nicks and burrs from their surface, welding joints must be ground and only then the product is primed and painted.
Installation of wooden steps is carried out after the paint has completely dried.
High-quality welding work is the key to long-term, successful operation, therefore, if you do not have experience or the ability to reliably weld all the elements together, it is better to immediately turn to professional workers.
The stairs should be safe and comfortable.

Regardless of the chosen design and the use of finishing materials, the manufacture of a metal staircase requires much fewer consumables than in other cases. The finished product is light and complements well the interior of any private home.