How to store potatoes in a damp cellar. Secrets of storing potatoes in the cellar in winter: what should the temperature be, how to equip the room? Potato diseases that may occur during storage

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  • Stairs to the cellar made of metal).
  • Pos. 2 – stone vault.
  • Pos. 3 - storage.
  • Flagstone.
  • Limestone.

  • Sizes.
  • Form.
Requirements for it include:

How to build a stone cellar

  • Depth of groundwater: methods of determination).
  • Storing different crops in the cellar according to all the rules
  • Wind.
  • Frost.
  • Rain.
  • Snow.

  • Length – 3.5 meters.
  • Width - 2.5 meters.

  • Pos. 1 - layer of soil.
  • Pos. 3 - cement screed.
  • Pos. 4 - concrete layer.
  • Pos. 5 – layer of crushed stone.
The floor in a stone basement is made of adobe using clay dough mixed with sand. To such a filling, fines or small stones taken from the quarry are added. For waterproofing, a high-quality clay castle is installed. The interior walls are decorated with lime. The video will tell you how to properly build a stone cellar on your site. => How to Build a Stone Cellar on Your Own: Detailed Guide => => publish => open => closed => => kamennyj-pogreb-svoimi-rukami-237 => => => 2019-04-16 12:44: 50 => 2019-04-16 08:44:50 => => 0 =>?p=4037 => 0 => post => => 10 => raw =>)) => 1 => -1 = > => WP_Post Object ( => 4037 => 2 => 2016-04-24 22:55:13 => 2016-04-24 18:55:13 => Stone cellar in the country How to build a stone cellar correctly? Very often I call cellars made of stone peasant ones. Villagers built such structures to store crops from their plots. Their main advantages are strength, high reliability, long service life, and favorable conditions for preserving fruits and vegetables. article.

Features of a stone cellar


Construction of a stone cellar with a cellar. In the diagram:
  • Pos. 1 – staircase for descending to the cellar (see Staircase to the cellar made of metal).
  • Pos. 2 – stone vault.
  • Pos. 3 - storage.
  • Pos. 4 – filling the outer side of the cellar walls with clay.
A cellar with a stone cellar is a complex structure that usually rises above the stone cellar itself. To make such a structure, a special type of stone is used, which can be:
  • Flagstone.
  • Limestone.
For masonry, a solution consisting of clay is taken with the addition of chaff and lime. This allows you to create inside the storage, and then maintain an optimal temperature regime in it in the range from (+5°C) to (-5°C). Despite the absence of special ventilation systems in the design, the air in stone cellars is always fresh and clean. Air exchange in such buildings occurs through the cracks that exist in the entrance hatch.
Tip: For good thermal insulation in severe frosts, the hatch must be covered with burlap folded in several layers.

How to prepare material for building a cellar

Before starting the construction of the structure, it is necessary to sort the stone by:
  • Sizes.
  • Form.
Then the material is prepared. Requirements for it include:
  • After digging, flagstone cannot be used immediately.
  • It should be kept in a place protected from heat and sunlight for two seasons: autumn and winter.
  • You should also leave the clay for a year, which is intended for preparing the solution.
  • It is folded in the open into special ridges, or dumps. Under such conditions, the clay will begin to acquire special plasticity and greater homogeneity. During this period, rains and meltwater begin to wash away the foreign elements present in the material from the material.

How to build a stone cellar

To build a stone cellar:
  • A dry site is selected where groundwater lies deeply (see Depth of groundwater: methods of determination).
  • The floor of the future cellar should be located at least 70 centimeters from the surface of the water.
Advice: All work should be carried out only in the dry season, which will help prevent the destruction of the previously dug pit.
  • Waterproofing the walls is done by covering them with clay.
  • When constructing a cellar from stones, the floor is laid out with a layer of clay, which is reinforced with crushed stone placed on top of it and carefully compacted.
  • The arch-shaped ceiling is finished on the outside with a thick lime mortar.
  • A layer of clay up to 80 millimeters thick is placed on top of it, then a heat-insulating layer consisting of coal and wood ash, at least 10 centimeters thick.
  • Clay or dry soil is laid again on top of everything.
Features of storing food in the cellar are:
  • Vegetables: potatoes, any beets, carrots are stored on the floor of a stone cellar (see Storing different crops in a cellar according to all the rules). This way they do not deteriorate and do not lose their properties and qualities.
  • Canned food should be placed on self-made shelves and niches.
Tip: To make it easier to get down to the storage facility, you should build a staircase with reliable and durable steps made of flagstone.
When constructing the above-ground part of a cellar made of stone or a cellar, flagstone is used; it is placed on a clay solution, which protects the main structure from harmful effects:
  • Wind.
  • Frost.
  • Rain.
  • Snow.
In addition, the cellar can be used as additional storage for crops grown on your site or to store gardening equipment here. It is necessary to build blind areas around the perimeter of the entire building. They are made on a base made of sand, a mixture of clay and fine gravel. Ditches must be provided in blind areas to ensure unimpeded water flow.

How to build a cellar with low soil water levels

A type of stone cellar is a structure located on areas with low groundwater levels. As an example - a buried cellar. Its features: from the outside, the structure is covered with earth, on which grass seeds are sown; its roots help strengthen the upper covering layer of the structure. A stone cellar is usually made with the following parameters:
  • Length – 3.5 meters.
  • Width - 2.5 meters.

Stone cellar when constructed on a site with low groundwater levels. In the diagram:
  • Pos. 1 - layer of soil.
  • Pos. 2 - space filled with clay.
  • Pos. 3 - cement screed.
  • Pos. 4 - concrete layer.
  • Pos. 5 – layer of crushed stone.
A special feature of this cellar is the arched entrance. When constructing it in a stone cellar, it is necessary to make especially careful calculations and then carefully lay the stones. Usually their number is odd, so that at the very top there is a line of the arched vault. Such masonry becomes a kind of lock that reliably holds the entire structure of this part of the building from destruction. When performing the arch it is necessary:
  • Make wooden formwork in the shape of a circle.
  • The stone is placed on both sides at the same time.
  • To give the first and last row of laid stones a certain slope, they are planted on top of flat stones.
Advice: When constructing this type of stone cellars on sites where the soil is dry, you can use unfired raw bricks laid on a mortar made from clay.
  • The clay solution can be replaced with clay dough, to which chaff and chopped straw are added. Such material has a lower price, which means greater availability to site owners.
The floor in a stone basement is made of adobe using clay dough mixed with sand. To such a filling, fines or small stones taken from the quarry are added. For waterproofing, a high-quality clay castle is installed. The interior walls are decorated with lime. The video will tell you how to properly build a stone cellar on your site. => How to Build a Stone Cellar on Your Own: Detailed Guide => => publish => open => closed => => kamennyj-pogreb-svoimi-rukami-237 => => => 2019-04-16 12:44: 50 => 2019-04-16 08:44:50 => => 0 =>?p=4037 => 0 => post => => 10 => raw =>) => 0 => -1 => 385 => 385 => 0 => => => => => => => => => => => => => => => => => => 1 => => => => => => => => => => => => => => Array ( => query_vars_hash => query_vars_changed) => Array ( => init_query_flags => parse_tax_query))

The place should be dark and cool.

To preserve the vegetable until spring, do not forget to ventilate and dry the room. Experts advise whitewashing the walls of the cellar - this prevents the appearance of mold. Also, there should be no cracks or holes in the room with potatoes.

What should the air temperature be?

The optimal temperature for root vegetables is in the range of +2..+4 degrees Celsius. If it is high, the vegetable will begin to sprout rapidly, lose moisture and wither. And if the temperature drops to zero or below, then over time the tubers will become sweet in taste and slimy during cooking.

Storage methods

You can store potatoes in the cellar in different ways, for example, in bulk, in boxes or bags. Everyone chooses the best option for themselves. But for all these methods there are general rules for preparing the cellar.

Before bringing potatoes inside, it is worth disinfecting the room. A solution of copper sulfate and lime is suitable. You can also use a concentrated solution of potassium permanganate. Then the cellar is dried. Make sure there is good ventilation. Next, choose a storage method.

When storing in bulk, some nuances should be taken into account:

  • this method is good if the harvest is small;
  • just a few rotten fruits can ruin most of your potatoes.

The next type of storage is . Perhaps the most convenient and safe. They are easy to carry if necessary, they are compact and do not take up much space, and they allow air to pass through perfectly.

Sometimes they use bags, but only those made from natural materials. These bags are well ventilated. If a rotten tuber appears, this is not at all scary, since the rotting will not spread outside the bag. Proper storage is only possible if you have followed all the rules.

How to prepare the room?

It’s worth starting preparations in the summer. First, open the cellar and dry it well. Since the cellar freezes very much in winter, it is worth insulating it in order to obtain an acceptable temperature for storing potatoes.

It is necessary to sheathe a wall that is located above the freezing level of the soil with sheets of foam plastic. Such sheets are secured with glue or foam. The roof must be made of wood, the edges must be insulated.

In this case, frost will not penetrate the walls of the cellar.

How to make bulk storage with your own hands?

A bulk cellar is an excellent solution if you grow vegetables or fruits in large quantities. It is created using a special technology, so a favorable temperature will be maintained there.

To begin, choose the right location. The location for the cellar should be dry and located on a hill. The entrance inside is located on the north side. Choose your material wisely.

Best suited:

  • tree;
  • brick;
  • slate.

After choosing the material, we begin construction. First you should clear the area and remove the top layer of soil. Then we make some kind of foundation out of clay. Next, pour crushed stone and fill everything with bitumen on top. When everything is dry, we begin building the walls. It's worth starting with the frame.

After its construction, we line the box with wood and reinforce it with brick. Before making a roof, it is necessary to carry out thermal insulation. Mineral insulation is suitable for this. After that, we cover the entire structure on top with a mixture of straw and clay.

The roof should be made of wooden beams, metal plates or concrete slabs. After completing all the work, we fill the cellar with earth. Pay attention to the slope, it should be 45 degrees. Then the structure is again covered with roofing felt and covered with 8-10 cm of earth. This is where all the work ends, all that remains is to restore order inside.

Common Mistakes

  1. The temperature regime is not respected.
  2. Excessive humidity in the cellar.
  3. Lack of ventilation.
  4. Tubers do not move in winter.
  5. The room is not ventilated in a timely manner.

Conclusion

Figuring out how to store potatoes in the cellar is not difficult. The main thing is to periodically check the temperature and humidity in the room. It is necessary to carry out timely control of pests, mold and fungi. Proper stacking, storage and compliance with all precautions is the key to keeping potatoes whole, beautiful and unharmed!

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Arranging a cellar in a garage is an important step in the process of building this room. It is important to design it correctly to ensure an optimal level of humidity, then it will be possible to store various vegetables and preserves in the cellar.

A high level of humidity in the garage basement will lead to the destruction of the structure itself, as well as to rapid deterioration of the products located there. Therefore, it is better to think about its correct design at the initial stage of construction. After all, it is easier and cheaper to immediately build a good cellar than to later buy additional materials to improve it.

Many people like to stock up for the winter. This is especially true for those who have their own summer cottages. But the question often arises of where to place tens of kilograms of potatoes, carrots and onions, as well as a large number of jars of canned vegetables. The size of a modern apartment is clearly not enough. In this case, a well-equipped garage basement comes to the rescue, photo. Below we will consider the technology of arranging a cellar for storing vegetables in the garage.

Technology for building a basement in a garage

Arranging a basement in a garage should begin with the correct distribution of zones. Let's list what exactly should be in the cellar:

  1. Entrance to the cellar. It shouldn't be cluttered. Remember that you will have to carry heavy bags and boxes of vegetables through it.
  2. Door. It should provide reliable protection for the basement from winter cold and summer heat.
  3. The ceiling in the basement must be strong and reliable; for this it should be insulated and waterproofed.
  4. The hood should ensure air movement in the basement and prevent it from stagnating in the room.
  5. Lighting. The cellar must have lighting; its source is often placed near the stairs.
  6. Workshop. If you plan to make something in the basement, you can arrange a special place for it. The workshop is located so that it does not clutter the space.

The owner of an equipped basement in the garage receives the following benefits:

  • creating an optimal climate for long-term storage of food;
  • saving home space.

What to consider when planning a basement

Before you start arranging a cellar for storing vegetables in the garage, you should check your site for the presence of underground communications at a depth of less than three meters. They also determine the level of groundwater; they should not be too close, otherwise the garage structure will collapse and the humidity in the cellar will be very high. In such conditions, it will be impossible to store potatoes and other vegetables in the basement.

It is important to provide the cellar for storing potatoes in the garage with good ventilation, this reduces the likelihood of rotting, reduces humidity and eliminates unpleasant odors in the room. Additionally, waterproofing and insulation are installed in the basement.

This entire set of measures will ensure optimal conditions in the garage cellar for storing vegetables and canning. A properly equipped basement can maintain temperatures from 0 °C to +12 °C at any time of the year, as well as a constant level of humidity.

Step-by-step instructions for arranging a basement in a garage

Let's look in detail at how to arrange a cellar in a garage, photo. Before you start construction, you should acquire the necessary building materials:

  • bitumen;
  • insulation;
  • sand;
  • crushed stone;
  • boards for formwork;
  • concrete.

Tools should include nails, a hammer, a tape measure, and a shovel.

Foundation structure

The height of the basement must be at least 2.5 m. Construction of the garage begins as usual by laying a solid foundation. To do this, dig a trench around the perimeter of the future garage, fill it with fine and coarse crushed stone, as well as sand. Afterwards it is poured with ready-made concrete mixture.

Important! If the garage is built from concrete blocks, then when connecting them to each other, small gaps are left as ventilation for the cellar. If this is not done, you will have to create additional ventilation, which will entail large labor costs and financial expenses.

Different materials are used as insulation for garage foundations, but polystyrene foam plates have the best characteristics, photo.

Basement waterproofing is very important not only for storing vegetables, but also for the long life of the garage itself. One of the main criteria for a properly built cellar is the dryness of its walls, through which moisture does not pass.

If groundwater is near the surface, a drainage system will be needed. The outside walls are tightly plastered and several layers of roofing material are attached to them. The internal parts of the cellar walls are cemented and bitumen lubricant is applied in several layers. You can use another, simpler method of waterproofing: pour broken brick, sand or crushed stone on the outside of the foundation walls.

Walling

After laying the foundation, they begin to build the walls of the garage. Brick, foam blocks and other materials are used for their construction. The walls are usually insulated with expanded polystyrene or polystyrene foam with a thickness of 4 cm, which is attached to the outside. Thanks to this, constant temperature and humidity are maintained in the garage and cellar.

Before installing the insulation, large cracks are sealed with sealant or blown in with foam. Then all the protrusions are cleaned to ensure a tight fit of the insulation to the wall. The next stage is treatment with a primer in several layers or a waterproofing layer; for this purpose, you can use liquid rubber.

After the primer has dried, sheets of expanded polystyrene or polystyrene are mounted to the garage walls with special glue, photo. Their seams and ends are treated with sealant. Then the installation network is glued onto the insulation and the surface is plastered.

Overlapping device

An optimal-strength floor can be provided by a durable concrete slab, which you can purchase or make yourself. It is insulated with glass wool.

Floor installation

The construction of a floor in a garage cellar consists of the following steps:

  • pouring a layer of crushed stone about 10 cm thick;
  • laying a layer of sand 50 mm thick;
  • tamping;
  • uniform pouring of hot bitumen over the entire floor plane;
  • covering the hardened floor with a concrete mixture at least 18 cm thick.

To install the highest quality floor in the garage basement, you should use a reinforced screed made of metal rods, photo.

The concrete floor is covered with bricks or tiles.

Basement arrangement

In order for the cellar in the garage to be suitable for storing vegetables and canning, you should take into account some of the nuances of its arrangement:

  • at low soil moisture, it is better to make the walls from brick;
  • with high soil moisture, the building will last a long time if it is built from monolithic concrete with waterproofing;
  • the cellar floor must be laid using three layers: crushed stone, a bitumen layer and a concrete mixture;
  • For good moisture insulation, it is better to cover the walls with lime.

Important! The gaps between the cellar ceiling and the walls are filled with tow impregnated with resin. Then it is compacted thoroughly.

The ceiling in the cellar should have a slight slope in the direction where the hood is located. This is necessary to ensure that condensation does not settle on the ceiling surface and does not provoke the development of mold and mildew in the basement of the garage.

Lighting in the cellar should be low-voltage with light bulbs covered with a protective cap, photo. The switch is located outside the basement, preferably in front of the entrance.

The staircase leading to the cellar plays an important role. It should be as comfortable and safe as possible, compact, withstand significant weight and be moisture resistant.

Important! Before using the cellar, it is thoroughly ventilated and dried by burning dry alcohol. In this case, about 11-13 tablets are consumed.

Sometimes the basement area is whitewashed before potatoes and other vegetables are placed there.

How to properly ventilate a cellar

Properly functioning ventilation will ensure the absence of unpleasant odors and dampness in the garage basement. The best and simplest option is natural ventilation. To install it, it is enough to remove two pipes from the cellar, photo.

Forced ventilation is a more complex option. To ensure its operation in the garage basement, an additional fan is purchased in addition to the ventilation pipes. The exhaust pipe should be slightly higher than the ceiling of the cellar by 35-45 cm. To prevent insects or rodents from accidentally getting through the ventilation holes into the basement of the garage, small nets are placed at their exit. You can also put a lid on the end of the pipe, and use it to regulate the amount of air entering the cellar.

How to properly store food in a garage cellar

After the basement in the garage is equipped, compartments and shelves are installed to accommodate vegetables and various preserves. For this purpose, wooden boards and beams are used, which are knocked into appropriate structures using nails or self-tapping screws. When constructing such compartments, be sure to leave small gaps between the boards to ventilate the contents.

Wooden shelves for storing cans in the garage, as well as compartments for vegetables, must be treated with an antiseptic. It is desirable that these elements are removable, then if necessary they can be easily disassembled or removed. To ensure that the food in the basement of the garage remains in good condition for as long as possible and does not spoil, you should follow some storage rules:

  • containers with potatoes or onions should not stand on the ground or floor of the basement; provide legs or place bricks under it;
  • bins cannot be located close to the cellar wall; set them 25-30 cm from the wall;
  • the distance from vegetables to the ceiling should not be less than 0.6 m;
  • The drawers cannot be close to each other; provide a gap of 7-10 cm.

Before placing potatoes or other vegetables in the cellar, you should carry out some manipulations with them. First, the crop is dried in the sun to kill all harmful microorganisms. Then the fruits are sorted and the spoiled ones are thrown away. After this, the vegetables are sorted and medium-sized specimens are selected, as they store best. Subsequently, they are consumed when large and small fruits run out. To protect vegetables stored in the cellar from moisture, beets are placed on them or sprinkled with sawdust on top.

Perhaps potatoes can be called the main food for a person, so everyone tries to stock up on them for the winter. This rather fastidious vegetable contains a large amount of water and starch, so it is sensitive to storage conditions.

We will look at how to store potatoes in the garage in this article. After all, they are trying to equip this very room with a cellar or basement for storing food.

You can also look at photos and videos on this issue and choose the most appropriate option.

Types of potatoes for storage

High humidity, cold and heat are the main reasons why root crops can rot.

Experts say that almost all varieties of potatoes can be stored, but the timing will be different for everyone:

  • Early and mid-season species(Mistress, Aurora, Pirol) cannot be stored for too long, their shelf life is from three to six months;
  • Late and mid-late varieties(Slavyanka, Kolobok, Atlant, Chaika, Zdabytak, Scarlet) can survive until spring.

Attention: Before sending potatoes to the garage cellar for storage, you need to prepare all the tubers for storage.

To do this you need:

  • First, do not forget to dry the potatoes in the fresh air, and then place them in the sun for several hours. Ultraviolet rays will destroy all pathogens and promote long-term storage;
  • The entire harvest must be sorted out in the most thorough manner. In this case, damaged tubers should be removed and sorted by size. Medium-sized root vegetables can be stored.

A variety of species provides an increased percentage of crop storage.

  • Maintaining room temperature, where tubers from plus two to plus four will be stored. In this case, the potatoes will not take root and freeze;
  • Air humidity should not be more than seventy to eighty-five percent. Increased humidity will lead to the growth of fungi (see), as well as the formation of mold. To do this, the bottom of the cellar must be covered with crushed stone or pebbles;
  • Lack of light c (in the light, solanine begins to be produced in potato tubers, after which they can no longer be eaten).

Attention: If these parameters are not followed, it will cause spoilage and sprouting. If the room temperature is more than seven degrees, the potatoes will begin to germinate. When it drops to zero, the starch in the tubers will turn into sugar. At sub-zero levels, freezing and unsuitability occur.

How to prepare a cellar for storage

Mostly people, it is precisely intended for storing food. In order to achieve maximum safety, it is necessary to implement comprehensive measures aimed at reducing the risks of disease and rotting of root crops.

Such events include:

  • Treatment of the storage facility - twice, observing a weekly interval, the room is whitened with a pre-prepared mixture: one hundred and fifty grams of table salt, two kilograms of slaked lime, ten liters of water and a kilogram of copper sulfate;
  • We check the ventilation system (see) using mechanical cleaning and exhaust system equipment so that the cellar is ventilated;
  • The room must be well ventilated;
  • We dry the wooden pallets and boxes and then treat them with a solution of potassium permanganate.

Attention: In any cellar (regardless of its size), it is necessary to prepare a bin for potatoes in the garage, that is, a compartment. Making them is quite simple, you just need to follow certain rules.

Potatoes in boxes

Arrangement in compartments involves storing tubers in bags, nets and boxes:

  • There should be a distance of two to four centimeters between the slats of the drawers for constant ventilation;
  • The distance from the floor to the bottom is twenty centimeters;
  • The distance between the box itself and the wall is 30 cm;
  • The space between them is at least ten cm.