DIY mushroom bed at the dacha. Mushroom bed

The mushroom bed we created at the dacha can become a gift upon completion of a large turnkey project if its owners express a desire to care for future mushrooms.

The rest of the story is addressed to our future clients, who may have a mushroom bed as a bonus.

Perhaps you cannot find a person who would not be delighted to see a beautiful, strong mushroom in the forest, and a scattering of such mushrooms will delight everyone.

We can bring you such joy, a mushroom bed in the country is not a fantasy, but a reality.

Of course, you can try growing mushrooms on your own plot. There are a huge number of recommendations on the Internet.

Trial and error is a good way to keep yourself busy, especially when there is absolutely nothing to do.

We appeal to those who value their free time and like to spend it with friends and family.

Before choosing the location of the mushroom bed, we need to decide what mushrooms we will decorate your dacha with. This is not an idle question. Firstly, mushrooms in the country are a real highlight in the landscaping of the area, and, secondly, mushrooms are very demanding on the soil, lighting and even on the plants in the neighborhood.

The most adapted to growing in dacha conditions are champignons, oyster mushrooms, chanterelles, russula, and boletus.

But this does not mean at all that other mushrooms cannot be trained to live at home; the main thing is to create these conditions, and the result will be amazing.

We called our service “creating a mushroom bed in the country,” but this does not mean at all that you will have traditional rectangular beds, which most people are so tired of when growing vegetables and herbs on their plot.

There are several ways to grow mushrooms:

• using forest mycelium;
• using spores;
• using purchased mycelium;
• by transferring an old tree from the forest on which mycelium is developing.

With any method of growing mushrooms in the country, you will need to follow several of our recommendations for caring for them and a little patience. Mushrooms will definitely delight you with their presence on the site, and then on the holiday table.

The most suitable for summer cottages are champignons, honey mushrooms and oyster mushrooms. If we have landscaped a forest area, you have a chance to admire wild mushrooms at your doorstep.

Let us note once again that this is not a standard type of our landscape work, but rather an exotic exception for our large clients.

And so, as you well know, the best mushrooms for home cultivation are oyster mushrooms - these are very unpretentious and fast-growing mushrooms; they will grow on almost anything that contains cellulose.

For growing at home, mushroom blocks are used; they are made as follows: a plastic bag is filled with a sterilized substrate, such as straw, sawdust, sunflower or buckwheat husks. After filling the block, the contents are infected with a strain of oyster mushroom, mainly grain mycelium, which can easily be bought on the Internet, or even better, from people professionally involved in growing mushrooms in your area.

But this process is quite labor-intensive and the blocks will take up space in a particular room, there is the best and simplest of the simple ones that you can imagine, and it consists in the following: in your summer cottage you need to choose a very shady place in advance, ideally a place near the fence in the shade of the crown of a tree, and it is also desirable that there be some kind of structure nearby in the form of a barn or bathhouse, so that rainwater from the roof constantly wets and moisturizes this place.

Then you need to select tree cuts with a diameter of at least 15 cm, and the larger the better, in height from 50 to 100 cm, the selected stumps need to be thoroughly soaked for a day in a large container, or simply in a puddle there is nothing terrible, but the most important thing is according to the author Chocks must strictly have bark - this is very, very important, because it retains moisture.

A couple of handfuls of grain mycelium are placed on the resulting pillow and a pre-soaked stump is placed, sprinkled lightly with earth and, according to the author’s advice, it is imperative to water the mushroom bed.

For better clarity, the summer resident presented photographs of the step-by-step creation of this bed, after viewing which you can easily figure it out and understand everything. But before you start viewing, you should study the necessary list of materials and tools for creating a bed.

Materials
1) tree cuts, hemp, logs
2) grain mycelium
3) sunflower husk or wheat

Tools
1) hacksaw
2) shovel

I leveled it out and removed all the excess.

I placed some husks at the bottom of the hole for feeding.

Then he takes a couple of handfuls of grain mycelium and places it carefully on the resulting pillow.

This is what happens.

I leveled everything just as carefully.

And actually sprinkled it lightly with earth.

In this shady place, mushrooms will grow at the author’s dacha.

If you plant in early spring, you can get a harvest in the fall. These hemp will last at least 5 years. And then the golden autumn came, and the harvest arrived.

How to grow mushrooms in the country and in the garden in the garden - miracles - mushrooms in the garden? What mushroom picker has not dreamed of clearings strewn with mushrooms. I came to the edge of the forest, and there were mushrooms there, apparently and invisible. Such picturesque pictures are imagined by lovers of “silent hunting” when going into the forest for their favorite trophies. But a trip to the forest is not always successful. Sometimes an hour-long search for forest gifts ends in complete failure, and you have to return home with empty baskets.

Forest resources no longer provide for the rapidly growing demand for mushrooms. Forest delicacies are currently very popular and in great demand.

Mushroom production is a very profitable business. Agricultural farms grow champignons and oyster mushrooms. The industrial method of growing mushrooms, thanks to the growing demand for a unique food product, is increasing its momentum.

Mushrooms grown on shelves are inferior in taste to forest beauties, but this kind of product is in great demand due to its availability throughout the year. Conveyor production of champignons and oyster mushrooms can provide an excellent product all year round.

Most vegetable farms constantly supply mushroom products to supermarket shelves, regardless of the season. Exciting forest walks are replaced by an ordinary trip to the supermarket, where you can definitely find mushroom products. In winter, when forest lands are covered with snow, the supply of mushrooms to the retail chain does not stop - this is a huge advantage for vegetable farms growing mushrooms.

Industrial hangars and mushroom farms are an excellent solution to the problem of supplying unique delicacies. But what gardener or vegetable grower cannot resist the temptation to create a small forest clearing in his garden.

Very often among vegetables and garden crops you can find forest gifts - edible mushrooms. Amateur gardeners successfully grow chanterelles, boletus and saffron milk caps, russula and milk mushrooms, oyster mushrooms and champignons. It has been the dream of more than one generation of gardeners to tame forest beauties. But he is in no hurry to reveal his secrets. Several dozen species of mushrooms are no longer just wild mushrooms.

The most accessible representatives that can be grown in the garden are oyster mushrooms. and honey fungus. They grow well on any plant debris, such as straw, hay, Shrovetide waste, sawdust and shavings of all kinds of deciduous trees.

Porcini mushrooms, chanterelles, boletus and saffron milk caps, the more refined representatives of the mushroom kingdom, will feel cozy and comfortable on compost prepared from sifted garden soil and leaf humus. Small mushroom spots can be set up in the garden.

In shady places in the garden, set aside a small area for a mushroom pit. It is enough to deepen the pit by 30 centimeters. The finished pit is filled with pre-prepared nutritious soil mixture. The soil mixture is placed in the pit in layers. The bottom is covered with fallen, rotted leaves, grass, wood shavings or sawdust. A layer of manure humus or garden soil is poured onto the nutrient cushion. The leveled layer of soil is evenly covered with grain mycelium, distributing it over the entire surface. The mycelium is sprinkled with a three-centimeter layer of manure humus or garden soil. And finally, the last one will be a five-centimeter layer of garden soil. The mushroom pit is regularly moistened by sprinkling. The first garden mushrooms will appear in about two months.

In a garden, with regular care, mushrooms in a well-equipped pit can be collected from May until late autumn. Such a mushroom bed will last at least five years. In the same way, you can grow mushrooms in utility rooms, basements, sheds, garages and other outbuildings, replacing the pit with boxes.

The construction of a mushroom bed is similar to that of a pit. The boxes are placed in corners of outbuildings with diffused sunlight. If there is no access to natural light, four hours of electric lighting is provided. The premises with mushroom boxes should be well ventilated, with sufficient air humidity. The first harvest will appear in the same time frame as with the pit method of cultivation.

Edible mushrooms have a unique taste and smell. Due to their nutritional value, they have become favorite delicacies in all countries of the world. Picking mushrooms in forests is a fascinating and rewarding activity. Communication with living nature brings joy. Returning from the forest, mushroom pickers, along with baskets full of forest gifts, bring with them a lot of impressions from communication with living nature. But growing forest gifts in your garden is no less exciting. The first mushrooms in the garden will bring no less joy.

How to grow mushrooms in the country and in the garden in the garden video tips:

How to grow mushrooms at the dacha and in the garden in the garden bed How to grow mushrooms at the dacha and in the garden in the garden bed

Mushrooms are independent creatures. They grow on their own - no need to water, fertilize or hill them. And they try to settle away from people, and are reluctant to go into gardening.

Of the several thousand species of edible mushrooms, humans have managed to “tame” only about a hundred - and now they can be grown in the garden. And not only for culinary use and not because they are useful - mushrooms themselves are very picturesque. And they have another valuable quality - they process wood and other garden residues into humus.

By the way, in the global balance of soil formation they create twice as much humus as earthworms. True, not all types are suitable for the garden. For example, the well-known autumn honey fungus lives not only on dead wood, but also on living trees, and is capable of destroying them.

So what can you grow in your garden?

Why are they so capricious

Let us warn you right away: you will not be able to get a harvest of white boletuses, aspen mushrooms, chanterelles, milk mushrooms or truffles. Don't even try. The fact is that these fungi, which form mycorrhiza* on the roots of trees, cannot live and develop without their “native” species. By helping trees extract inorganic substances from the earth, they, in turn, receive glucose and other nutrients from them. For mushrooms, this union is vital. Only it is very fragile - outside interference destroys it.

So even if you manage to plant boletus mushrooms in the garden, moving them there along with the spruce, it’s unlikely that anything will come of it. Neither replanting with a tree nor watering tree roots with mushroom infusion guarantees that the mycelium will take root.

Is it possible to outsmart them?

There are also mushrooms for which the forest floor serves as the “soil”. These are ringlets, morels, large variegated umbrellas, champignons and some others. They can be “tricked” by being planted on a compost bed made from straw, leaves, lawn grass and manure. The technology for breeding litter mushrooms is quite complex and labor-intensive. Therefore, it is better to choose for the garden one or several tree species that grow well (but slowly: the first harvest can be expected no earlier than in a year) on pieces of logs, on the stumps of deciduous trees and on a specially prepared substrate of ground branches.

Who would agree to live in the garden

What qualities should mushrooms have that are suitable for growing on your site? Of course, being tasty and healthy is the first indispensable condition. A “pleasant appearance” won’t hurt either - you shouldn’t forget about garden design either. And finally, for central Russia, the factor of winter hardiness is important: harsh winters can destroy the fruits of the labors of a mushroom grower.

The above conditions are met by various varieties of oyster mushrooms, a winter-hardy strain of shiitake, summer honey fungus (of domestic origin), an edible variety of foliota and winter honey fungus.

Oyster mushroom or oyster mushroom

This is the most common type of oyster mushroom. It is not only edible, but also healing, as it contains all the essential amino acids and almost all vitamins, including vitamin D, which is not found in vegetables and fruits. The quality and taste of the pulp will be good only if the fruiting bodies are collected on time, before they become hard.

Hybrids of this species with American oyster mushroom (more heat-loving and not as tasty) can bear fruit without cold shock. Strain NK-35 will withstand wintering at a temperature of -35 °C. It grows well on logs and shredded twig substrates. Fruits at night temperatures from O °C to +18 °C - from April to November. Mushrooms of this variety grown outdoors have light brown caps (if they were grown at high temperatures) or completely dark caps (if they were grown at low temperatures).

Lemon oyster mushroom And pink oyster mushroom, or “flamingo” as it is often called, is from Southeast Asia. Edible and medicinal, but less tasty than oyster mushroom. Safe for the garden; they do not live on living trees. Beautiful clusters of bright yellow lemon oyster mushrooms and pink flamingo oyster mushroom fruits are a natural decorative decoration for shady corners.

Red-pink “flamingos” are especially beautiful towards the end of autumn - their color becomes rich and bright. They are grown on logs using the same technology as oyster mushrooms. Capable of bearing fruit at night temperatures from +4°C to +2°C.

Shiitake, strain KT-10. Edible, medicinal, one of the most delicious cultivated mushrooms. After boiling, it retains the dark color of the cap. It has an immunomodulatory effect and, with constant use, provides antitumor protection.

Safe for the garden. It can bear fruit in shady corners, and in areas of ponds, fountains, springs, and on logs floating in the water. Grows well both on crushed substrates and on logs. Fruits at temperatures from +10°C to +25°C. If at night it was not below +4 °C, fruiting begins when the air warms up to +15 °C during the day.

Summer honey fungus. A mushroom well known to residents of Central Russia. It is distinguished by an abundance of small and thin fruiting bodies. The caps are edible and tasty, and the legs are woody.

Safe for the garden. It can grow on sections of logs - the mycelium survives wintering. Fruits at high air humidity. Converts log wood into so-called mycowood - it is used for wood carving and as a thermal insulation material.

Edible scale. tasty, similar to autumn honey fungus, but meatier. Grows in conditions of high humidity (90-95%). Without special shelter and additional air humidification, it will not bear fruit.

Growing on logs

All tree mushrooms can be grown only on deciduous logs - birch, willow, alder, maple. Trunks of coniferous trees and stone fruits are not used for these purposes.

It is better to harvest and store logs for sowing in late autumn and winter: in the warm season, the wood is quickly occupied by putrefactive microflora. Dead wood, trees infected with stem rot, and old, half-decomposed wood are not suitable for growing mushrooms - there are too many “competitors” in their tissues, the mycelium will develop poorly or will not be able to take root at all.

Logs are harvested from the trunks of living healthy trees in order to populate them with mycelium in the spring. Mushrooms grown on sections of logs bear fruit 2-3 times a year for 5-7 years.

When planning to do “mushroom business,” a gardener should think about how this might affect the appearance of his garden. Another important consideration is whether it will be convenient to work with lengths of logs? After all, they are quite massive and voluminous: the thickness of the logs should be at least 20 cm, length - from 40 cm

For those who find this method too labor-intensive and costly, and who feel sorry for destroying healthy trees, we can offer an easier and more intensive method: sow the substrate from ground branches with mycelium. With this technology, mushrooms produce a larger harvest and bear fruit more often - from spring to late autumn. The growing mycelium binds and “cements” the particles of the substrate, making it homogeneous and durable. Substrate blocks germinated with mycelium can be freed from polyethylene and covered with a shell of craft paper or burlap.

*Mycorrhiza (fungal root)- the introduction of mycelium into the root, which ensures symbiosis, that is, the mutually beneficial coexistence of fungal mycelium and the roots of higher plants. Actually, the mycelium with mycorrhiza is the mushroom itself, and what appears on the surface of the earth, and what mushroom pickers hunt for, is its fruiting body.

Mushroom patch! Just add water. Assortment of mushrooms available: Oyster mushroom Features of mushroom beds: Compact and convenient packaging No special equipment required Maximum yield up to - 4 kg. Ideal for stewing, frying and marinating! It contains all the substances necessary for the human body (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts, vitamins), has a low calorie content, but even in small quantities they cause a feeling of satiety. Growing oyster mushrooms at home 1. The mushroom bed kit includes a plastic container with mycelium, a mineral additive to increase fruiting (a couple of bags of white powder) and two beds with a substrate (dry sawdust). 2. The package with the mineral supplement should be dissolved in 1200 ml of hot water, possibly from the tap. 3. Open beds with sawdust must be filled with the resulting hot solution with a mineral additive. 4. After adding hot solution to the beds, they need to be tightly closed with a lid and additionally heated in a water bath for one and a half hours. 5. Remove the beds from the water bath and cool to room temperature. 6. Put new rubber gloves on your hands and open the beds and container with mycelium. 7. In the beds, the central channel should be freed from the substrate and a hole should be made in the safety valve. 8. The mycelium needs to be divided into two parts, carefully crushed in your hands and filled with it in the central channel of the bed. 9. After filling the channel, the mycelium should be lightly compacted with your fingers and the bed should be closed. 10. Having completed all the procedures, the bed must be returned to the box and transferred to the shade. The room temperature should be 22-24˚C. 11. During the first four weeks, the mycelium germinates in the substrate, the next three weeks the mushroom block matures. From the eighth week, the formation of mushroom bodies begins. At this stage, the beds should be moved for 2-3 days to a room with a low temperature (5-10˚C). 12. Then you need to carefully bend the edges of the box and open the top of the package. Move the bed itself into a room for fruiting. Where throughout the entire fruiting period it is necessary to maintain the temperature within 14-16˚C and humidity within 80-90%. 13. The rudiments - primordia - appear already on days 7-9, and they will grow into a full-fledged mushroom in 5 days. 14. To use, you need to tear off the entire druse completely. 15. During the growth period, mushrooms require intensive moisture; this can be done using a household sprayer for indoor flowers. To prevent moisture from evaporating instantly, you can make a polyethylene cap with the corners cut off for ventilation and cover the bed with it. 16. After the first harvest, the bed should be allowed to rest for a week, for this purpose the top of the bag should be closed. 17. Before fruiting again, the bed must be moved again to a cool place with a temperature of 14-16˚C and humidity up to 90%. 18. If the bed begins to weigh less than half a kilogram, it must be removed and immersed in cold water for five hours.